Agricultural machinery refers to the mechanical devices, vehicles, and structures used in farming, ranging from hand tools to tractors, which perform the majority of farm work, and their associated implements: combines for harvesting grain, planters for spacing seed rows, sprayers for applying fertilizer and pesticide, and balers for packaging hay and alfalfa, alongside specialized trucks, aircraft, and helicopters used in agricultural operations. Major manufacturers include John Deere, AGCO, Case IH, Claas, CNH Industrial, Kubota, Massey Ferguson, and New Holland Agriculture, alongside historic makers such as Allis-Chalmers, International Harvester, and Ford that no longer produce farm equipment. Since the advent of mechanized agriculture the industry has become indispensable to feeding the world, and a 2023 USDA report found that more than half of major United States crops are now grown using automated guidance systems, showing how deeply the technology has penetrated modern farming.
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