Jack Ma, born Ma Yun, is a Chinese businessman who co-founded Alibaba Group in Hangzhou in 1999 and built it into one of the world's largest e-commerce and technology companies, serving as its executive chairman until stepping down in 2019. A former English teacher who was rejected from dozens of jobs before turning to entrepreneurship, he also co-founded the digital payments platform Alipay and the microfinance arm Ant Group. He largely withdrew from public life after an October 2020 speech criticizing Chinese financial regulators was followed by the abrupt suspension of Ant Group's planned initial public offering and months of increased regulatory scrutiny of his businesses.
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