Structural element

In structural engineering, a structural element is a basic part into which a complex structure is divided so that each piece can be analysed as carrying its own load. An element cannot be broken down into parts of different kinds, so a beam or a column counts as one element. Elements are classed by their shape. Line elements include rods for axial loads, beams for axial and bending loads, pillars and posts, struts and compression members, and ties, tie rods, eyebars, guy wires and cables that carry tension. Surface elements include membranes, shells, concrete slabs, decks and shear panels. Volume elements carry axial, shear and bending loads in all three dimensions. A related commercial category is structural building components such as roof trusses, floor trusses, I-joists and engineered beams, which are made to order under controlled factory conditions.