This child group collects Airlines members headquartered in Europe, including the flag carriers of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Spain, the Nordic and Benelux countries, Ireland and Central and Eastern Europe, and treats Turkey, Georgia and Azerbaijan as part of this bucket for consistency with this atlas's own regional child groups elsewhere, which already place Turkey and Russia in the same European bucket. It gathers major European hub carriers (Lufthansa, Air France, British Airways, KLM, Iberia, Turkish Airlines), Europe's low-cost carriers (Ryanair, easyJet, Wizz Air, Norwegian Air Shuttle), and the smaller national flag carriers of the Balkans, the Baltics and the Caucasus.